A mortgage is likely the biggest financial product you'll ever buy, and small differences in rate and fees add up. This guide helps your area buyers and refinancers compare lenders. It is general education, not financial advice.
Typical mortgage costs
National ballpark ranges for planning only — not quotes. What you pay depends on scope, materials, access and your local market, so always compare written estimates.
| Service | Typical range |
|---|---|
| Closing costs | Commonly 2% – 5% of loan amount |
| Origination / lender fees | Varies; compare Loan Estimates |
| Appraisal | $400 – $800 |
| Down payment (conventional) | As low as 3% – 5% for some programs; 20% avoids PMI |
| Rate difference of 0.25% | Can mean thousands over the loan term |
How to hire the right mortgage lender
- Check your credit reports and understand your budget before applying.
- Get Loan Estimates from at least three lenders on the same day or within a short window.
- Compare rate, points, lender fees and closing costs on the Loan Estimate form.
- Ask about loan programs (conventional, FHA, VA, USDA) and which you qualify for.
- Lock your rate when you're comfortable, and understand lock period and fees.
Questions to ask before you hire
- What is your NMLS ID?
- What is the interest rate, APR and total closing cost?
- Are there prepayment penalties?
- How long is the rate lock and what does extending cost?
- Who services the loan after closing?
Red flags to watch for
- Pressure to lock or apply immediately.
- Refusing to provide a Loan Estimate.
- Fees that change significantly without explanation.
- Guaranteed approval claims.
Licensing and verification
Mortgage loan originators must be licensed and have an NMLS ID. Verify the lender and individual originator using the NMLS Consumer Access website and check your state regulator records.
When to schedule
Shop within a short window so inquiries count together, and avoid opening new credit before closing.
Frequently asked questions
How many lenders should I compare?
What is PMI?
Should I pay points?
Mortgage by city
Local notes for 155 cities — licensing bodies, climate and seasonal timing.
Other guides
AllCityPros is an independent information resource. We do not endorse, rate or vouch for any specific business, and nothing here is professional advice. Cost ranges are national ballparks and are not quotes. Always verify licences, insurance and references yourself.